The virtual real fusion simulation training system for typical disaster accidents of firefighters is mainly composed of VR/desktop simulation training system host, intelligent wearable interactive control equipment, seat type omni-directional motion simulation platform, smoke and thermal environment simulation device, dynamic physiological and psychological data monitoring module, etc. The design and development of the system integrates many key technologies such as virtual and real linkage control technology, multi person cooperative operation technology and interactive accurate positioning technology. The evolution process of disaster and accident virtual scene is simulated through FDS software to truly simulate the evolution process of fire smoke, high temperature and other scenes, developed and produced typical disaster accident fire fighting and emergency rescue simulation scenes of single person system training and multi person collaborative training for firefighters, and built a three-dimensional digital simulation model. The training scenes include road traffic accident disposal training scenes, underground building fire fighting training scenes, high-rise civil building fire fighting training scenes. Underground accident emergency rescue training scene in pit and the rescue operation psychological training scene. Have the functions of single person/multi person collaborative training, compatibility of VR / desktop training forms, analysis and evaluation of firefighter physiological and psychological data, integration of teaching, training and evaluation system, etc. The successful development of the system will effectively solve the problems of insufficient allocation of typical disaster and accident simulation training facilities in the existing fire rescue brigade and rescue station, limited site space, less frequency of actual combat simulation training, diversity, authenticity, accurate actual combat and lack of systematic training and teaching of training contents, and realize thetrainning of the first-line fire brigade firefighters in the rescue station in the practical skills of typical disasters and accidents urgently needed, and comprehensively improve the daily simulation training frequency and cooperative combat skills of firefighters for typical disasters and accidents, so as to improve the comprehensive emergency rescue and disposal ability.
Fig. 1 Effect drawing of virtual reality fusion simulation training system for typical disaster accidents of firefighters
Emergency fire sciencepopularization and education base
The emergency fire sciencepopularization and education base relies on the comprehensive test hall of the second test base of Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management, with an area of no less than 1800 m2. Develop a series of modular products covering fire safety, natural disasters, public safety, emergency rescue, cultural and creative experience, training services, operation management, etc., with no less than 40 products and no less than 12 immersive interactive experience functions of VR, AR, MR and SR, so as to solve the problem of lack of immersive interactive experience technical equipment and system in emergency safety science popularization and education venues. Build a cloud information management platform for emergency fire safety science popularization demonstration base, build a systematic emergency fire safety knowledge map, and prepare a series of knowledge training and skill training courses for emergency safety science popularization base to meet the urgent needs of different audiences for emergency fire safety knowledge. Formulate the modular construction standard system of emergency fire safety science popularization demonstration base suitable for China's national conditions. After completion, the base will radiate to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and provide schools, enterprises and institutions, fire rescue teams, etc. with safety and emergency experience popular science education and training services. It is expected to carry out no less than 100 training activities throughout the year, with a single day reception of about 400 people, and the annual offline training and online popular science interaction will reach more than 50000 and 2 million people respectively. The developed series of modular products will carry out achievement transformation in the form of product sales, intellectual property implementation license, technical services and other forms to provide product and technical support for the modular, systematic and standardized construction of different types of science popularization and education bases such as national emergency, fire protection and public safety. It is expected that the direct or indirect economic benefits of annual achievement transformation will not be less than 20 million. The project plays an important role in comprehensively improving the publicity, education and training capacity of China's emergency fire safety science popularization venues, and improving the public's fire safety awareness and emergency response capacity.
Fig. 2 Overall planning of emergency fire sciencepopularization and education base
Fig.3 Drawing effect of emergency fire science popularization and education base
VR fire survival training experience system
This achievement is obtained based on the Tianjin Science and Technology plan project "Immersive fire safety education and interactive experience activity" (Project No.: 17KPHDSF00060) and the basic scientific research project of Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management "Development of VR fire survival training system and stress behavior research based on psychophysiology" (Project No.: 2018SJ04), It breaks through the problem that it is impossible to carry out survival experience training in the fire scene in the process of traditional fire science popularization and education, studies and puts forward the design theory of immersive fire safety education game, uses Maya/3DMAX software to build a three-dimensional model of the real scene, writes functional programs with c# programming, carries out interactive function development of virtual reality scene based on Unity platform, and carries out functional correlation of the scene according to VR glasses SDK, A multi person VR fire safety experience interactive teaching system based on fire smoke risk, common fire safety signs, fire escape and evacuation map, subway and campus has been developed. Based on the actual fire case, the system has been developed and manufactured training courses contains "do you have to cover wet towels for escape?" "Do you have to run in case of fire?" "How much fire can a fire extinguisher put out?" "What else is there besides fire?" "What if there is a fire on the way to escape?" All these abstract theoretical knowledge, fire extinguisher utilization and escape training are simulated in VR scene for the fire scene survival training content of the course. Classroom teaching is carried out through multimedia system. Teachers control all students' VR learning terminals through handheld tablets or computers, and synchronously manage VR terminal equipment and course experience training process, which greatly improves the quality of fire safety education.
Fig.4 Diagram of VR fire survival training experience system
MR fire extinguisher teaching and training evaluation system
The "MR fire extinguisher teaching training evaluation system" developed by Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management is composed of multimedia teaching front equipment, MR training fire extinguisher, multi scene fire extinguisher simulation training platform and fire extinguishing training evaluation system. Through the multimedia teaching front, the experimenter can systematically learn the knowledge of fire extinguishers, operate the fire extinguishers for MR training, train and assess six typical fire scenarios in the fire extinguisher simulation training platform and fire fighting training evaluation system, and truly restore the common solid fire, liquid fire, electrical fire, cooking fire and other fire types in life. It realizes the functions of identification and selection of different types of fire extinguishers such as dry powder, water-based and carbon dioxide, fire fighting practice training and assessment. The system pays more attention to the accuracy of the principle of fire extinguishers, the identification of common misunderstandings in applicable places and practical operation, scientifically integrates the relevant knowledge system of fire extinguishers, and forms a set of whole process closed-loop learning system integrating teaching, training and assessment. It is suitable for a wide range of science promotion activities, and can greatly improve the efficiency and effect of public fire-fighting training.
Fig.5 MR fire extinguisher teaching training evaluation system
Emergency fire education and drill equipment series box
Based on the experiential teaching theory, Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management has designed and produced a "Emergency fire education and drill equipmentseries box" suitable for emergency risk avoidance and self-rescue training, forming a series of 4 sets of equipment boxes including classroom emergency fire education, emergency rescue skill training, emergency fire education, emergency survival with smoke and heat in tent education and emergency fire-fighting skill drill. The classroom emergency fire education box is mainly used for auxiliary teaching of fire emergency classroom training. It is equipped with knowledge covering the use of fire extinguishing equipment, personal protective equipment, fire emergency treatment, common hidden danger demonstration and so on to meet the needs of classroom teaching; the emergency rescue skills training box is mainly used for auxiliary teaching of fire emergency rescue training. It is equipped with knowledge covering the use of AED and CPR, the use of emergency life-saving stretcher, trauma emergency treatment, etc., to meet the needs of emergency rescue training and teaching; The emergency survival with smoke and heat in tent box is mainly used for the training and teaching of escape passage in smoke and heat at the fire scene. It is equipped with simulated smoke passage, environmental construction equipment, identification at the time of fire evacuation, etc., so as to meet the teaching and drilling requirements of emergency escape methods in smoke in case of simulated fire; The emergency fire education box is mainly used for emergency evacuation drill and initial fire-fighting training and teaching. It is equipped with fire emergency evacuation drill, group escape, utilization of emergency escape tools, initial fire-fighting and other contents to meet the teaching needs of evacuation and escape drill. The series of emergency fire education and drill equipment boxes can meet the supporting teaching use of classroom education, emergency evacuation drill, fire escape experience, emergency self-rescue and mutual rescue knowledge, and meet the teaching needs of fire emergency science popularization and education. The results are applicable to fire rescue teams, enterprises and institutions, key fire prevention organizations, schools, communities, social fire training institutions and other organizations with fire emergency science popularization needs
Fig.6 Classroom emergency fire education box
Fig.7 Emergency fire education box
Fig.8 Emergency survival with smoke and heat in tent education box
Fig.9 Emergency rescue skills training box
Available technical services: 1) Research on practical simulation training technology of firefighters. It mainly focuses on the research on practical simulation training facilities for firefighters, the research on virtual real integration simulation training system for firefighters, the research on professional skills and psychological training for firefighters, and the research on a series of special training courses for firefighters. 2). Fire safety education and training. In the field of fire safety education and training, form a standardized, systematic and standardized management and operation mechanism for fire safety education and training, and the developed products and content system can effectively improve the fire safety quality of Chinese citizens.